Resource Guide

Are you ready to start looking for work in Nova Scotia?

How to Look for work in Nova Scotia

Choosing the work you would like to do

What else do you need to know?

Resources

Are you ready to start looking for work in Nova Scotia?

Are you an internationally trained and educated professional who wants to find work in Nova Scotia?

This website will help you:

Where to look for support

Where to look for support

These are some of the resources that offer employment support for job hunters in Nova Scotia. Some of them specialize in helping newcomers.

Work in Nova Scotia (WINS Program

MISA
The Metropolitan Immigrant Settlement Association (MISA) is a community-based organization that welcomes newcomers and recognizes their essential role in Canada. Staff and volunteers at MISA work together to offer programs and services to help newcomers to participate fully in Canadian life. These services include delivering Canadian Language Benchmark Assessments and employment services to help newcomers overcome the barriers that may be keeping them from finding work in Nova Scotia.

MISA
Suite 201 – 7105 Chebucto Place
Halifax, NS
902-423-3607
info@misa.ns.ca
www.misa.ns.ca

HILC
The Halifax Immigrant Learning Centre (HILC) supports the language learning goals of newcomers. HILC provides quality and effective learning opportunities to promote the active participation of newcomers in the community. HILC offers a range of labour market language and employment-focused language orientation programs to help newcomers prepare for and be successful in the work place.

HILC
Suite 201 – 7105 Chebucto Place
Halifax, NS
902-443-2937
info@hilc.ns.ca
www.hilc.ns.ca

Work in Nova Scotia (WINS) is a bridging program provided by both MISA and HILC.  You can customize the WINS program to your own needs to help you reach your employment goals. Through the WINS program, you will meet an employment specialist who will help you establish goals and develop action plans to meet them. For a full list of the services available through the WINS program, turn to the Resource Section of this guide. You can also find out more about the WINS program by contacting either MISA or HILC.

Career Resource Centres
There is a network of Career Resource Centres across Nova Scotia that can help you with your job search. Call your Service Canada office for information about Career Resource Centres. You will find the phone number for Service Canada in the blue pages of the phone book or at www.servicecanada.gc.ca.

Student Career Centres

If you are a student at a post-secondary institution, the student career or employment centre at your school can help with career planning and job-searching skills.

Language Support
For a list of English as a second language (ESL) schools and other supporting programs, see the Resources Section of this website.

For more information on all of these resources, go to www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Getting_Ready

Are you ready to begin working?

Most immigrants to Nova Scotia say their two biggest challenges are learning the language and finding work. As an immigrant, you will have to prove to an employer that you are ready to work in Nova Scotia. Being ready to work can mean many things. You will need enough English to work in your field, an understanding of Canadian workplace culture, and, in certain professions, you will need a particular license or certification. Use this checklist to find out if you are ready to work (click on the picture to download a PDF):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Do you know how to look for work in Nova Scotia?

Before you start looking for work in Nova Scotia, you will need the right tools, such as a résumé and cover letter. You will also need some job-search skills, such as networking and interviewing. You can find out more about these tools and how to look for work by going to the How to look for work in Nova Scotia page of this website.  How to look for work in Nova Scotia

 

Do you have the English skills to work in your occupation?

This section covers:
• Assessing your language skills
• How you can improve your language skills

Canada has two offcial languages: English and French. It is a great asset to be able to speak both. In Nova Scotia, you need to be able to speak, read and write English very well in all skilled occupations. If you only have basic English skills, you may need to improve them before an employer will hire you. In Nova Scotia, government-funded adult English as a second language (ESL) schools use the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) for teaching and testing language. The CLB is used in adult ESL schools all across Canada. It gives information about 12 levels of English listening, speaking, reading and writing. CLB 1 students have little or no English. CLB 12 students are like native speakers of English. Students at CLB 9 or above usually have enough English for university, college or professional communication.

You can see for yourself what your CLB level might be. Go to http://www.language.ca/ and follow the instructions. This will only give you an idea of your CLB level.  To get an accurate assessment of your language skills, you should take a Canadian Language Benchmarks Assessment (CLBA). You will need to make an appointment to take this assessment. It will take between two to three hours to complete it and you will need to bring your landing paper, Minister’s Permit or ‘letter of intent’ from Citizenship and Immigration Canada. If you live in the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM), contact MISA for more information. If you live outside Halifax, contact Metro-Region Immigrant Language Services (see Resource Section). 

Click here to download a PDF of online language tests

How do you get your qualifications recognized?

This section covers:
• What is a regulated occupation?
• What occupations are regulated in Nova Scotia?
• How you can become certified to work in a regulated occupation

What is a regulated occupation?

A regulated occupation is one that is controlled by provincial and sometimes federal law. A professional organization or regulatory body sets standards for the people who work in that occupation. This is done to protect the public. You will need to meet specific requirements in order to work in these occupations. When you have met the requirements, you will be given a license or certificate. It is illegal to work in a regulated occupation or use its title if you are not recognized by that occupation’s regulatory body.

In some fields you may be able to start working in a related job before you are fully licensed. For example, an engineer may obtain a position as a technician while completing the requirements for the full license as a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.)

What occupations are regulated in Nova Scotia?

Here are some key occupations and their regulatory bodies:
Designated Trades in Nova Scotia
Regulated Professions in Nova Scotia

 
How you can become certified to work in a regulated occupation

To become certified (or licensed) to work in a regulated occupation, you must have the credentials, the skills and knowledge, and the experience. The process to become certified differs from one occupation to another. Usually, theprocess starts with an assessment of your credentials. Credentials are proof of your achievements, such as your education. They are usually in the form of a document or paper.

Credentials from one country may not be considered equal to credentials from another. Even if your occupation is not regulated, it may be helpful to have your credentials assessed so Canadian employers will understand what your credentials mean in Canada. A credentials assessment will provide you with a Canadian equivalency statement. You may need to upgrade your skills to meet Canadian or Nova Scotian standards for your occupation.

The professional association or regulatory body that sets the standards for your occupation may perform these assessments or refer you to an international credentials assessment service.

For links to other assessment services please go to www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Getting_Ready.

Assessing your competencies

Sometimes a credentials assessment is all that is required to get your license. However, for many it is just the first step to getting your qualifications recognized. Most regulated occupations also require an assessment of your competencies – that means your skills and knowledge.
A competencies assessment may take many forms, such as:
• written examinations
• oral or practical examination
• worksite assessments of your technical skills
• requests for a demonstration of your skills
• language tests
• interviews
For information and assistance about getting your credentials and competencies
assessed, contact an employment specialist at the WINS program. You can also contact
your local career or employment centre.

If possible, try to start the process of getting your international qualifications recognized before you come to Canada. It is easier for you to get the documentation you will need before you leave your country.

Click here for to download a PDF with information on:

  • How to get your qualifications recognized if your occupation is not regulated
  • How to upgrade your qualifications
  • How to continue your education

 

 

 

Have you identified all your skills that could help you get work?

• What are transferable skills? Why are they important?
• What transferable skills do you have?
• The value of your previous skills and experience

What are transferable skills? Why are they important?

Transferable skills are skills acquired at one job that can be used in another. For example, a job in your past may have required you to use a specific computer program. That means you can use your knowledge of this program in another work setting in a different country. That knowledge is a transferable skill.

You have learned many transferable skills in all the jobs, classes, projects, hobbies, and sports you have participated in during your life. You also developed many transferable skills by becoming an immigrant to Nova Scotia. You may not even realize how many of these skills you have!

The following table list of skills tha employers value. How many of then do you have? Check each skill that applies to you.

The value of your previous skills and experience

You used many skills to become an immigrant to Canada. Employers will be impressed with these skills.  For example, if English is not your native language, that means you learned a new language. It also means that you speak at least one other language from your first country – a country that your employer may be interested in developing as a new market. Your communication skills and knowledge of work and the business culture could be a big advantage to your new employer.

Applying for immigration and organizing your life in a new country was a huge project. You have proven that you can set a goal and follow the steps to reach it. Be sure to tell employers you have these skills.

 

Click on this image to download a PDF of the transferable skills checklist

 

Setting and achieving goals

This section covers:
• What is an action plan?
• Developing your action plan

What is an action plan?

Your challenge now is to identify your long-term and short-term goals and to make an action plan. An action plan lists the steps you will take to achieve those goals. It is very important that you have long-term and short-term goals. In many cases, newcomers need to take several steps before reaching their final goal of being fully qualified and working in their chosen profession. For example, if you are an internationally-educated engineer, you may face a lengthy process to become licensed. However, while you are working on getting your license, you could work in a related field, such as an auto CAD draftsperson or technician. This would provide experience in the engineering field while you work towards recognition as a professional engineer.

Developing your action plan

An action plan is a process of listing what actions you have to take to realize your employment goal. For example, suppose you have a long-term employment goal of becoming a licensed physician in Nova Scotia.

Together with your employment specialist, you will create an action plan to become licensed. The steps of that action plan may look like this:
• Long-term goal: Become fully licensed as a physician and begin to practice in my profession.
• Mid-term steps: Prepare for and write qualifying exams. Apply for clinical skills assessment program. Send credentials for assessment.
• Short-term steps: Take a job in a related field that will provide an income and experience in the Canadian healthcare system while I work toward becoming licensed. Participate in language and orientation programs.
• Immediate steps: Apply to have your credentials assessed. Identify related positions that match my interests and prepare a résumé for each.

Each of the steps can be further broken down into something called a “To Do” list.
For example, we will look at a “To Do” list for the immediate steps.
• Immediate steps: Apply to have credentials assess and identify related positions that match my interests (contact: Physician Credentials Registry of Canada at www.pcrc.org)
• Immediate “To Do”: – Get the names and numbers of the people I need to contact about the jobs available in related positions.
– Make calls and schedule appointments.
– Write a résumé and cover letter for each position.
– Send a thank-you note after each interview.

The key to a successful action plan is to decide how long you want to take to achieve each goal, and then act on it in that time.

Do you need help creating your personal career action plan? An employment specialist with WINS or the staff at a career or employment centre can help you. Visitwww.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Getting_Ready for for a list of contacts and links to sites on career-planning and employability skills.

 

How to look for work in Nova Scotia

How to look for work in Nova Scotia

This section covers:
Preparing for your job search by:
• Choosing the work you would like to do
    – Searching for jobs in your specific profession
    – An opportunity for change
    – The visible and hidden job markets
    – Networking
    – Information interviews
• The tools you need to get the job
    – Résumés
    – Cover letters
    – Portfolios
    – References
• Preparing for a job interview
• Getting Nova Scotian work experience and references

Choosing the work you would like to do

Choosing what kind of work you would like to do

There are a variety of sources to help you identify and research potential employers for your specific occupation in Nova Scotia.

For example, you can go to www.nscareeroptions.ca website to find opportunities in your profession. This is an example of how to search on that website:

Suppose you want to locate opportunities for pharmacists:

  1. Go to the occupation profile for Pharmacist
  2. On the right-hand side of the page, you will find a list of “Jobs in this Occupation.”
  3. Click on one of these titles. You will see a new page from the www.labourmarketinformation.ca site with a list of potential employers for the Halifax region.
  4. If you want to check for employers in another region of Nova Scotia, click “Potential Employers” in the lefthand column and select another region.

It is important for you to note that the employers you will find on this site are potential employers only. It does not mean that they have a job opening right now. It simply means they have advertised for pharmacists in the past.  However, it is worth your while to contact these employers. You can ask for an information interview. You can also ask if they would review your résumé. To learn more about information about resumes go to The tools you need to get the job page.

When you close the window with the list of employers you will return to the www.nscareeroptions.ca site. For your next step, we suggest you read the Employment Requirements and Contacts page. These organizations often list job opportunities on their websites.

Joining a professional organization and getting to know other people in your profession is a good way to find job opportunities.

You can also contact an employment specialist with the WINS program or the staff at a career or employment centre. For contact information, go to www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work.

Searching for jobs in your specific profession

Most job openings never appear in the visible job market. Studies report that approximately 80 per cent of all job openings are never advertised. People get these jobs by direct contact with the potential employer or through networking. (You will learn more about networking on the next page.) This is known as the hidden job market. It is important for you to have a job search plan that includes both the visible and hidden job markets.

 

The visible and hidden job markets

Most job openings never appear in the visible job market. Studies report that approximately 80 per cent of all job openings are never advertised. People get these jobs by direct contact with the potential employer or through networking. (You will learn more about networking below.) This is known as the hidden job market. It is important for you to have a job search plan that includes both the visible and hidden job markets.

The visible and hidden job markets

There are two types of job markets in Nova Scotia. The visible job market includes jobs advertised in newspapers, job boards, job-search websites, in the career sections of a company’s or organization’s website, professional journals, or through other public places. You will find a list of popular job search websites at www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work

Some employers, such as universities, financial institutions, and engineering firms, only advertise jobs on their own electronic job boards, which can be found on their websites.

As part of your job search, you need to identify which employers interest you and hire people with your qualifications. Then find out how they advertise for new employees. Do they advertise on particular websites only? Do they have their own website? Do they accept résumés at any time? Do they use a recruitment agency? Do they hire people in entry-level positions, then promote from within? You can find this information by calling the company’s Human Resources (HR) department. If they regularly advertise openings, you should visit their website or personnel offices to see what jobs are posted.

 

Networking

Networking and direct contact with potential employers: the keys to the hidden job market

Networking
You may wonder how you could possibly find a job using the hidden job market. The answer is by networking. Networking means connecting with lots of people because some of those people may have heard about a job opening that may be right for you. Start by making a list of people you currently know. These could include:
• parents at your child’s school
• people from your place of worship
• your neighbours and other people in your community
• people at clubs and other organizations you are involved with
• people you meet in the WINS programs, career resource centres and/or
employment centres
• professors, instructors, and academic advisors

When you network, tell people you are looking for career and employment information. Describe the kind of job you are looking for and what qualifications and experience you have. Ask them about their industry and interests. If possible, do some research into their industry before you meet with them. That way, you will be prepared with some questions, and you will impress them with your knowledge of their industry. Do not ask them directly for a job. Instead, ask them if they know of any opportunities that may be suitable for you. If they do not have any information for you, ask them if they could recommend someone else you could speak with. Many of these people will forward your information to someone else in their network, or they will introduce you to someone they know whom you have not met yet.

You will find it helpful to have a business card or job seeker’s calling card that you can give to people. This card should include your name, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail address. On the other side of the card, you may
also want to include a brief description of your qualifications. When you meet a new business contact, you can give them your card and ask for their card. Stay organized

It is important to keep track of your networking contacts. You might want to develop a chart to help you stay organized. Be sure to include the contact’s full name, job title, address, the dates when you made contact, how you made contact (in person, by phone, by e-mail) and any notes about what you learned.

Strategic networking
Strategic networking means identifying employers you want to get in your network. You can do this by making a list of the places you want to work, then finding functions and events where you might meet people who work in those places. These functions and events could include:
• lectures
• association meetings
• special events, such as charity functions, sponsored by the employers that interest you
• conferences
• volunteer organizations

Direct contact with potential employers
Through networking and research, you can develop a list of potential employers. These potential employers are companies or organizations that hire people with your skills and experience. Your challenge is to meet with these potential employers before they post an advertised job. Try to get the name of someone who works for that organization and is in the department or field that interests you. For example: if you are an engineer, contact the Director of Engineering instead of the Director of Human Resources. 

A direct contact may happen when you are networking. This is the best situation as it is a face-to-face contact. You can also use the telephone to make a cold call. A cold call means telephoning someone to whom you have not been introduced. You can also write an e-mail to contact a potential employer. Be sure to attach your résumé. (You will learn more about résumés later in this document.)

When you make this first contact, whether by phone, e-mail, letter or in person, be prepared to summarize your qualifications briefly, explain that you are exploring opportunities in your field and ask for a brief meeting. This brief meeting is called an information interview.

Information interviews

Information interviews

An information interview is a short face-to-face meeting with a potential employer. This meeting will give you the chance to:
• introduce yourself
• describe your qualifications
• find out what is required to work in that organization
• gather information and make a positive first impression

Go to the meeting prepared to ask questions about the company or organization. Make sure you have done some research before the meeting so you can ask informed questions about their products, services, current challenges, and plans for future development. Demonstrate your interest in working there and ask for feedback on your résumé. Remember – the potential employer is very busy. Keep the meeting short. The maximum length is 15 to 20 minutes.

At the end of the information interview, ask if you may follow up in a few weeks. Following up means keeping in touch with the potential employer to show your continued interest in working with them.

If you decide after the information interview that this company or organization is not a good fit for you, ask the person for other contacts. This person may be aware of other opportunities in the same field and can provide you with useful information. If they give you the name of someone in another company, ask if you can “use their name.” This means that you can tell your new contact who introduced you to them. If the employer is not able to talk to you when you call, ask if you can send a copy of your résumé along with some questions. Be sure to thank them for their time.

Transfer any information you learned during the information interview into your networking chart. Send a thank you note within one to three days. A handwritten note or an e-mail are acceptable.

Remember: when you are networking, you are building relationships. It is important to be professional at all times and to follow up. Even after you have found a job, you should maintain your professional network.

You will find great tips on networking by going to www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work and checking out the links. Most career or employment centres provide workshops on networking. They also provide opportunities to network with fellow job seekers through their job-finding clubs. Post-secondary institutions often host career fairs. These events give you a chance to meet potential employers in person. You can also learn more about networking by attending a pre-employment workshop through the WINS program.

The tools you need to get the job

When you apply for a job in Nova Scotia, you will put together a package that includes two items: your résumé and a cover letter. Your package may also include a portfolio, which can be an advantage during an information interview or a job interview. This section will explain what résumés, cover letters, and portfolios are.

Employers who have a job opening will receive résumés and cover letters from many candidates – sometimes more than 100. Employers will review all the résumés and make a short list of people they think may be right for the job. Then they will call these people for an interview.

Your résumé and cover letter must clearly state how you are qualified for the job. Employers often will take only a few minutes to evaluate each package. Now you can see how important résumés and cover letters are.

 

Résumés

Your résumé is a typed summary of your qualifications, education, and work experience.

It should include:

  • your full name and address with postal code, a telephone number where you can be reached during the day, and your e-mail address
  • brief statements of your skills and accomplishments
  • names and addresses of your former employers, dates of employment, and the duties you performed
  • names and addresses of the schools and training institutions you have attended, dates you went there and credentials earned
  • the names, titles, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of people who are willing to be your references. Try to include Canadian references. Make sure you get permission before you use someone’s name as a reference. You will learn more about references later in this section.

In Canada, you do not need to include personal information on your résumé, such as:

  • your age
  • your gender
  • your marital status
  • your religion
  • your political affliations
  • a photograph of yourself

Your résumé should be short, between two and three pages long. “Target” your résumé for the job you want. Targeting means writing a résumé specifically for that job. Focus on the experience and skills the employer is looking for. If you are applying for several different types of jobs, write a résumé for each.

There are three major formats for writing a résumé:

  • Chronological: This is the most common format. It is similar to the traditional Curriculum Vitae (CV) used in many countries. It describes your work and education history, starting from the present and working backwards. This is a good format if you are looking for work similar to your recent work experience.
  • Functional: This format allows you to focus on your skills and experiences that relate to your career goal, rather than on the type of jobs you have held. Job titles and employment dates are listed separately, at the end of the résumé. This format is useful for people who want to change careers or who are not currently working in their preferred field.
  • Combination: This is a combination of features from the chronological and functional résumé. It usually starts with a brief personal history, a summary of your skills specific to the job you want, and then your work history. This format is recommended for those with a steady work history who are seeking advancement.

These are examples of cover letters.
You can learn more about writing résumés and cover letters by contacting an employment specialist
with WINS, a career resource centre, or an employment centre. Visit www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work for a list of contacts, and links to sites on preparing job search tools.

To download a PDF of a coverletter click on the images bellow

Making contact with a potential employer
(Provided by MISA)

Making contact with a potential employer 

 

 

 

 

 

  Applying for an advertised job (Provided by MISA)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cover letters

Writing your cover letter

All job applications should have a résumé and a cover letter. A cover letter introduces your resumé when you are applying for a specific job or making contact with a potential employer. A cover letter serves two purposes:

  • Some employers may have more than one job position open. Your cover letter tells them quickly which job you are applying for.
  • It briefly tells the employer why you are the right candidate for the job.

Cover letter tips:

  • Start by stating the job you are applying for and how you heard about it. If the job advertisement had a competition number, include the number.
  • Target your cover letter. That means write a cover letter that is specifically worded just for the job you are seeking in that organization. Focus on the requirements described in the job advertisement, or that you learned through your research. In your letter, state how your skills meet these requirements.
  • Highlight specific examples from your background that demonstrate your skills and strengths, and explain how these skills relate to the job.
  • Tell the employer how your international training or contacts within other countries will help them.
  • Close by saying you are available for an interview or discussion about other opportunities.
  • Check your letter carefully for any spelling mistakes. Get someone else to read it and give feedback.
  • Keep it short. Your letter should be only one page long.

These are examples of cover letters.
You can learn more about writing résumés and cover letters by contacting an employment specialist
with WINS, a career resource centre, or an employment centre. Visit www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work for a list of contacts, and links to sites on preparing job search tools.


Making contact with a potential employer
(Provided by MISA)


 

 Applying for an advertised job (Provided by MISA)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Portfolios

Preparing your portfolio

A portfolio is a collection of items that demonstrate your skills and achievements. These documents can be displayed in a professional-looking binder or in electronic format. A portfolio is a useful way to prove to employers you have the right skills for the job.

Some of the things you can put in your portfolio include:
• certificates
• awards
• letters of recommendation
• performance appraisals
• samples of your work

When you go to an interview, you can use the items in your portfolio to demonstrate your transferable skills. For example, if an employer asks about your leadership skills, you can answer by telling the employer about a specific time you used those skills to help a project succeed, then show the employer the award you received for that project. When an employer asks about how well you can use a computer, you can answer by showing a computer presentation you created at your previous job. You can also show the certificate you received for your computer training.

For more information on developing a portfolio contact WINS, or a career resource or employment centre.

 

References

References

References are people who are willing to talk to a potential employer about how you are suitable and qualified for the job. List the names, titles, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of at least three references. If possible, try to include Canadian references. However, it is acceptable to use former overseas employers, particularly if they speak English. The best references are previous employers but you can also ask language teachers, professors or other people that know you and are willing to speak positively about you. Make sure you get permission from all of the people you put on your list before you use them as references. You will bring this list of references with you when you have an interview.

References are different from letters of recommendation. Letters of recommendation are letters from former employers describing such things as your work experience, work ethic, accomplishments and personal qualities. You may have some from your first country. These can be very useful in your portfolio. Be sure to get them translated into English.

 

Preparing for a job interview

Preparing for a job interview

If an employer selects your résumé and cover letter for the short list, you may be called for an interview. A job interview is a conversation you will have in person with a potential employer. You may speak to just one person, or to a small group. You may also be called back for more than one interview. Sometimes, you will be interviewed over the telephone.

During this conversation they will ask you to expand on the information on your résumé. You will also be asked a variety of questions. There are four common types of interview questions:
• General questions
• Technical questions
• Situational questions
• Behavioural questions

Examples of general questions are: “Why should we hire you for this job?” or “Tell us what you know about our company.” Your answers will tell the interviewer that you have done some research about their company. They will also reveal your personal and professional goals and experience.

When interviewers ask technical questions they are assessing your specific knowledge related to the job. They may be checking your knowledge of Canadian occupational codes, standards,processes, and machinery. Examples are: “How does an X work?” or “Tell us what you know about X.” You may also be asked to demonstrate a skill, such as using a computer or giving a short presentation.

Your answer to a situational question will tell the employer how you would handle a common workplace situation. Employers ask these questions to check your problem solving, leadership, management, and decision-making skills. An example is: “What would you do if you could not meet a deadline?” or “How would you handle a situation where you disagreed with your supervisor?”

Employers ask behavioural questions because they want to know how you would react to a specific situation. They are looking for more than a yes or no answer. They want specific examples of your past experience. Some behavioural questions are: “Tell us about your proudest workplace accomplishment.” and “Give us an example of a time when you worked as a member of a team.”

You should be prepared to answer all four types of questions. You can do this by learning as much as possible about the company and the job ahead of time and practice answering questions. Be sure to review your résumé before the interview and think carefully about your previous education and work experience. The job ad will also give you clues about what the interviewers will ask. Get a friend or employment specialist to help you with a practice interview.

At the conclusion of the interview, the employer will ask if you have any questions. Employers like it when you ask questions because it demonstrates your interest and enthusiasm, so be sure to have a few questions prepared. Ask about the company’s goals and future directions as well as opportunities for professional development. Do not ask about salary and benefits yet!

Interview Checklist:
Before you go to a job interview….
❏ Research the position and the company or organization carefully.
❏ Review your résumé. Bring a clean copy of your résumé with you, along with your list of references, and your portfolio, if you have one.
❏ Practice answering the four types of questions. Be sure to make reference to the information in your résumé. Do not assume that the person interviewing you has read your résumé.
❏ Make sure you know how to get to the interview location – which bus you need to take, where to park, and so on. Find out how much time you need to get there. Plan to get to your interview 10 – 15 minutes early. Do not be late.
❏ Make a good impression by dressing in a way that is appropriate for that company. Make sure you look neat, clean, and well groomed for your interview.
❏ Do not make other plans too close to the time your interview is supposed to end. Sometimes job interviews go a little longer than expected. You might want to plan to park in a place that won’t have you worried about the parking meter.
❏ Follow up with a thank you note immediately after the interview. In your note, thank the interviewer for his or her time, and restate that you are very interested in the job.

You can learn more about creating tools for your job search by checking out the links at www.WorkinginNovaScotia.ca/Looking_for_Work. You can also take a workshop at a WINS or career resource centre or at an employment centre. Universities and community college career centres all provide workshops on résumé and cover-letter writing, and job interview skills, too. Try to find a workshop that provides you with an opportunity to practice your interview skills in a mock (pretend) interview. You can also learn more about job interviews by taking the New Beginnings Interview Skills Workshop through the WINS program. It is available in a classroom setting and
also online.

Getting Nova Scotian work experience and reference

One of the biggest challenges you may face in your job search is getting Canadian work experience and references. In order to get experience, you need to get a job. But in order to get the job, you need to have experience!  The good news is, there are many ways to get local work experience if you are willing to be flexible and creative.

These include:
Transitional jobs. This is a job related to your field, but is not necessarily your final goal. For example, if you are a teacher, you could work as an administrative assistant at a school. Transitional jobs can have many benefits. Transitional jobs are opportunities to get Canadian work experience, learn about local workplace culture, network with other people in the workforce, and improve your English language skills.

Work placements. You can take a Work Placement Program through the WINS program that will give you six weeks of on-the-job, Nova Scotian work experience with an employer in your field. You will not be paid, but you will get valuable work experience, professional contacts and a work reference. You will also get to network with many people in your field of work and observe the organizational culture. Almost 80 per cent of people who choose to do a work placement get jobs in their field within three months. Contact WINS for more information about the Work Placement Program.

Volunteering. Many Nova Scotians volunteer. Employers like to see volunteer work on résumés because it shows the person is interested in the community. Volunteering is also an excellent way to meet and network with other people who may help you find the right job. While you will not be paid for volunteering, you may get a Nova Scotian job reference. Try to choose volunteer work that matches the work you would like to do.

Short-Term/Contract jobs. You probably want a full-time permanent job. But today, many employers advertise jobs as short-term or contract positions. They may be called casual and can give you good experience. Often, these short-term, casual jobs can lead to permanent employment. Some employers promote from inside the company, and if you are working in one of these positions, you may be able to move into a more permanent job. Do not refuse a job because it is part-time or casual. The most important thing is to take the first step into the Canadian workforce.

 

What else do you need to know?

Workplace culture in Nova Scotia

Workplace culture describes the rules for behaviour in a group or organization. You may find that workplace culture in Nova Scotia is different in some ways from workplace culture in your home country and similar to others. There may be different manners, processes, and ways of working. It is important that you understand and learn these ways of working so you feel comfortable working in Canada and will be successful in your career.

This section will help you understand a few of the workplace culture basics. You can also learn about Canadian workplace culture by taking the New Beginnings Working in Canada workshop through the WINS program. While you are on the job, watch how others behave and fit in. Do not be afraid to ask questions.

Meeting new people

In Nova Scotia, both men and women will smile, shake hands, and say “How are you” or “Pleased to meet you” when they first meet someone. You can expect this to happen in a job interview or when you are introduced as a new employee. Generally, Canadian workplaces are casual, and most people will go by their first names. You may find this very different if you are used to working in a more formal environment. However, very high-ranking people are usually addressed formally. That means using Mr., Ms., or Dr. before their last name. If you are not sure, ask your supervisor, or listen to how other co-workers address each other.

In some cultures around the world, it is considered impolite to make direct eye contact, especially with a more senior person or someone of the opposite gender. However, in Canada, direct eye contact is very important. In Canadian culture, to look someone in the eye signifies that you are honest, straightforward, and friendly. Always remember to remove your sunglasses when speaking to someone.

Canadians, compared to other nationalities, do not touch each other very often when they are talking in the workplace. It is also considered polite to stand about 60 cm (2 feet) back from each other when talking. If you stand any closer, it may make the other person uncomfortable. Of course, Canadian workplaces can be very diverse, so you may find some workplaces and people are different.

Language– Canada has two offcial languages: English and French. In most Nova Scotian workplaces, English is the language most frequently used.

Canadians try to keep emotions restrained in public. Even if you are arguing a point, do not shout or raise your voice. You will also need to learn which hand gestures and body language are acceptable, and which ones are considered impolite.

Dressing for work – Every workplace has its own style of dress. If you are going for a job interview and are unsure of how to dress, use your past experiences to help decide or ask a friend for advice. Job interviews are formal meetings, so dress accordingly.

Banks and law firms often require “business dress” – that is a shirt, tie, suit, dress pants and dress shoes for men, and a suit, blouse, skirt of an appropriate length or dress pants, pantyhose and dress shoes for women.

Some offices are more casual and allow khakoi r denim pants and golf style shirts with or without a jacket. Take your cues from the people you see working at the workplace. Always be well groomed and clean.

In the skilled trades, you will be expected to dress with safety in mind. That means steel-toed boots, hard hats and other protective equipment, as well as pants made from a rugged material, such as denim.

Personal hygiene, scents, and smoking – Most workplaces in Nova Scotia are designated scent free. That means workers do not wear perfumes, colognes, or scented lotions when at work. Some people are sensitive to strong scents. That is why workplaces are scent free.

It is still very important to practice good personal hygiene. That means taking a daily shower or bath, and using deodorant. In addition, make sure your clothes are also clean and do not smell of cooking odours or cigarette smoke.

Smoking cigarettes, cigars, and pipes is banned in all public places in Nova Scotia, including offices, restaurants, public transportation, malls, and hospitals.

Hours of work – Each workplace sets its own hours. The most common office hours are Monday to Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Many workplaces in the service sector will have evening and weekend hours. Hospitals and some factories are open 24 hoursa day.

It is very important to be on time in Canada. Depending upon your job position, you may be expected to show up a little ahead of time so you will be ready to start working when your workplace opens. In all situations, if you are going to be late, you should call your supervisor and explain why you will be late. Some places of work will expect you to make up any lost time by staying late or working through a break.

During your orientation, your employer will tell you how much time you are allowed for breaks and meals each day. It is important to come back on time from these breaks because other workers may have to wait for your return before they can take their break.

Your employer may have a policy and procedure manual that will tell you more about
the company’s workplace culture.

 

Workplace culture in Nova Scotia

Workplace culture describes the rules for behaviour in a group or organization. You may find that workplace culture in Nova Scotia is different in some ways from workplace culture in your home country and similar to others. There may be different manners, processes, and ways of working. It is important that you understand and learn these ways of working so you feel comfortable working in Canada and will be successful in your career.

Workplace Culture in Nova Scotia will help you understand a few of the workplace culture basics. You can also learn about Canadian workplace culture by taking the New Beginnings Working in Canada workshop through the WINS program. While you are on the job, watch how others behave and fit in. Do not be afraid to ask questions.


Why it is important to work well as part of a team

“Teamwork” is an important word in Nova Scotian workplaces. Most occupations involve some form of teamwork – that means groups of people working toward a common goal. Even if your job is something you work on alone, you are always part of a larger organization. That is the team.

Success on the job is 60 per cent skills and 40 per cent attitude. Being a good “team player” is all about attitude.

How can you be a good team player?

Be positive and friendly. Nobody likes to work with someone who complains a lot. Employers like to hire people with a positive attitude because those people are usually the most productive workers. They also influence others with their positive attitude. Take pride in your work. When you do your job well, you are working well for the team. You will also influence others to work hard too. Do every job to the best of your ability. In Canada, hard work is respected. Most Canadians have done “basic service jobs” during their working life. It is how many Canadians started their first work experience.

Co-operate. Be willing to help out and try new things. These are valuable opportunities to build relationships at work and learn new skills.

Take initiative. If you have ideas to improve a process or help the company, share them.

Take responsibility. Everyone likes to get the credit for a job done well, but when things go wrong it is a very mature person who accepts the mistake. Do not try to cover a mistake up. Never blame someone else. Take the responsibility and explain what you will do to correct the situation.

Keep an open mind. When you are willing to listen to the ideas of others, others will talk to you. They will certainly listen when you share ideas of your own. So never dismiss other people's ideas in a way that might insult them or hurt their feelings. By listening you might hear what is good in the idea - and you will build work relationships.

Be customer-focused. You might not realize that your job is in customer service. Perhaps your work is out of the public eye but that does not mean your work does not affect the customer. Also, it is helpful to think of your co-workers, your supervisor, and the owner of the company as your customers as well. The work you do helps them.

 

 

Why you should keep improving your skills

As the new person in an occupation, you might be asked to do jobs you feel are below your skill level. Keep in mind that many of your co-workers started the same way. If you maintain a positive attitude, you may learn something new, and you will certainly show that you are a good team player.

Today’s workplace is constantly changing due to new technology, new processes, and new markets. Employers value workers who keep their skills up to date, because those workers will be ready to help the employer face these new challenges. Make sure you tell any potential employer that you are continuing your training to improve your skills. This will make you a more attractive job candidate.

Even after you get a job in Nova Scotia, it is important that you continue learning. Look for opportunities for professional development and further training. This will help you with your job and will make you more employable if other jobs become open.

Once you are working, your employer may be able to help you find appropriate training workshops. Do not hesitate to ask your supervisor or manager about opportunities for ongoing professional development.

 

What are your rights as an employee?

In Canada, there are two main types of laws to protect workers. The first type is federal law. Federal laws are laws that are the same across Canada. The two federal laws about the Canadian workplace are:
• Charter of Rights and Freedoms
• Employment Equity Act

There is also the Canadian Human Rights Code, which covers federally regulated employers.

The second type of law that protects workers is provincial. Provincial laws apply just to one province. In Nova Scotia, the following laws are focused on workplaces and employment:
• Human Rights
• Pay Equity
• Labour Standards
• Occupational Health and Safety
• Workers Compensation

Human Rights
Nova Scotia's Human Rights Act is a provincial law that states every person is free and equal in dignity and rights without regard to age, race, colour, religion, creed, sex (gender), sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, ethnic, national or aboriginal origin, family or marital status, source of income or political belief,
affiliation or activity.

You can find more information on Nova Scotia’s Human Rights Act on their website
at: www.gov.ns.ca/humanrights

Pay Equity and Labour Standards

The Nova Scotia Labour Standards Code protects you as an employee. It sets minimum standards for employment that include:
• payment for work
• hours of work, rest periods, and days of rest
• overtime and overtime pay
• vacations and holidays
• pregnancy/parental, court, and bereavement leave
• how the employer can end the employment
• employment of children
You can find out more about Nova Scotia Labour Standards at www.gov.ns.ca/lwd/employmentrights/

Occupational Health and Safety

In Nova Scotia, the Occupational Health and Safety Act provides the rules for monitoring the safety of employees and employers. Both employers and employees are responsible for creating a safe workplace. It is your responsibility to report safety violations and hazards. It is also your responsibility to follow safety rules. It is the employer’s responsibility to enforce safety rules and have a safe workplace. The Occupational Health and Safety Division gets involved when employers do not follow and enforce rules or when an accident happens. You can learn more at www.gov.ns.ca/lwd/healthandsafety/ 

Workers Compensation

In Nova Scotia, the Workers’ Compensation Act provides the rules for compensating injured employees in the workplace. Most types of businesses must have workers’ compensation insurance to protect both the employers and the workers. You can find more information about workers’ compensation at www.wcb.ns.ca

 

Resources

Work in Nova Scotia (WINS) Program

English as a second language (ESL) supports

LINC Schools

Definitions

Employment Services and Supports

Working in Nova Scotia

The Metropolitan Immigrant Settlement Association (MISA) 
Suite 201 – 7105 Chebucto Place
Halifax, NS
902-423-3607
info@misa.ns.ca
www.misa.ns.ca

Halifax Immigrant Learning Centre (HILC) 
Suite 201 – 7105 Chebucto Place
Halifax, NS
902-443-2937
info@hilc.ns.ca
www.hilc.ns.ca

WINS is a bridging program that you can customize to your own needs to help you reach your employment goals. Services available through this program include:

Employment Counselling – you can work with an employment specialist to establish goals and develop flexible and customized plans of action.

Workplace Language Programs

  • English for Work and Business – for diverse employment backgrounds.
  • Language Learning Strategies – for high-level learners.
  • Professional Series – to increase communication skills for successful workplace integration.
  • Write Right – provides opportunities to practice the professional skills needed to bemore effective in the Canadian workplace.

Pre-Employment

  • New Beginnings Workshops – workshops on Job Searching, Interview Skills, and Working in Canada prepare newcomers to become independent job seekers.
  • Additional Workshops – Portfolio Development, Job Fair Preparations, Networking, Employer Information/Recruitment Sessions.
  • Computer Training – individual and group instruction in Microsoft Office, Internet, e-mail and others.

Sector/Profession Specific

  • English for Internationally Educated Healthcare Professionals is a sixteen-week training program developed for internationally educated healthcare professionals.
  • English for Engineers provides language skills development and orientation to the engineering profession in Nova Scotia for internationally educated engineers.
  • English for Managers is a language program that also provides workplace culture orientation for newcomers entering the workplace as managers and supervisors.
  • Programs for International Pharmacy Graduates gives you the opportunity to get experience in a Canadian pharmacy. The programs also provide communications skills labs. All discussions are led by licensed pharmacists.
  • OSCE Preparation Workshop for International Medical Graduates provides you with an opportunity to practice professional communications using mock patients and medical cases. Discussions are led by licensed physicians. Mock Objective Structured Clinical Evaluations (OSCEs) are also conducted.
  • Orientation to Teaching in Nova Scotia for Internationally Educated Teachers an eight-week program orienting internationally educated teachers to the public education system in Nova Scotia.

Workforce Contact

  • Work Placement Program – a six-week “on-the-job” experience that provides Canadian work experience, local references, and professional contacts as well as the chance for the host employer to assess the qualifications of the participant in a worksite setting.
  • Professional Mentor Program – newcomers are matched with professionals in their field to build skills, network, and to better understand their occupations in Canada.
  • Employment Referrals – employment specialists actively refer clients to potential employers.
  • English in the Workplace – includes a range of language training options, delivered on site at the workplace and customized to meet the needs of the employee and the workplace.

Distance WINS Programs available outside of the Halifax Regional Municipality

  • Employment Counselling
  • Online Language Training
  • Videoconference Language Training
  • New Beginnings Online
  • |Professional Mentor Program
  • Work Placement Program
  • English in the Workplace

 

Career Resource Centres
There is a network of Career Resource Centres across Nova Scotia that can help you with your job search.  For a list of Career Resource Centres in Nova Scotia click on the image bellow.

 

Student Career Centres

If you are a student at a post-secondary institution, the student career or employment centre at your school can help with career planning and job-searching skills.  Click here for a list links to educational institutions in Nova Scotia

English as a second language (ESL) supports

ESL Volunteer Tutor Programs 

Halifax Public Libraries - (902) 490-5990

  • ESL for Adults Programs is a volunteer-based, one-to-one tutoring program for adults learning English as a second language. Programs are delivered at the following libraries: Alderney Gate Public Library, Halifax North Public Library, Bedford Public Library, Keshen Goodman Public Library, Captain William Spry Public Library, and Spring Garden Road Public Library.

Metropolitan Immigrant Settlement Association – (902) 423-3607 

  • ESL Volunteer Tutor Program offers one-on-one volunteer led support to individuals who request support to build on their English reading, writing, aural, and oral skills.

 

Other English Support Programs

 

Centre for Diverse Visible Cultures - (902) 445-0946

  • Accent Reduction for Immigrant Professionals and Foreign Born Persons assists newcomers and ethnic Nova Scotians to improve overall communication and speech intelligibility by pronouncing English correctly so that they can be easily understood at work, at school, or in their social life.

Metro-Region Immigrant Language Services Program - (902) 464-2868

  • Canadian Connections Program assists professionals by providing information, available resources and access to credential assessment centres in order to improve the necessary skills to further their studies or compete in the Nova Scotia job market. Limited financial assistance may be available.
  • Computer Business Center for Newcomers includes specialized software programs for professionals and skilled workers covering 45 different career topics.
  • Outreach Program provides services to newcomers who are unable to leave their homes for special reasons such as young children, poor health and distance. Areas served are Halifax, Dartmouth, Cole Harbour, Bedford and some areas of Sackville.
  • Teaching Immigrants English (TIE) Program provides English as second language instruction to newcomers living in the mainland Nova Scotia and Cape Breton. 

Nova Scotia Community College  - (902) 491-3588

  • English for Academic Purposes provides English language instruction to newcomers whose language skills are not sufficient to enter post-secondary educational institutions in Nova Scotia or to successfully complete occupational credentialing requirements.

Valley Community Learning Association - (902) 679-5252

  • Valley ESL Project provides ESL classes in the Valley region.

YMCA Of Greater Halifax/Dartmouth - Centre for Immigrant Programs - (902) 457-9622

  • Conversation Group Program provides beginner, intermediate and advanced English language conversation groups.

 

 

LINC Schools

Halifax Regional School Board (HRSB) Adult ESL

The Halifax Regional School Board offers full-time and part-time language instruction at three locations –t wo in Halifax and one in Dartmouth.

Full-time
Quinpool Education Centre 6067 Quinpool Road, 3rd Floor, Halifax
Telephone:(902) 421-7779
Fax: (902) 421-2520

Part-time
St. Agnes Catholic Church  6903 Mumford Road, Halifax
Telephone:(902) 421-7779
Fax: (902) 421-2520

Metro-Region Immigrant Language Services
Forsyth Centre136 Pinecrest Drive, Dartmouth
Telephone:(902) 464-2868
Fax: (902) 464-2828
Email: contact@mils.ca

Halifax Immigrant Learning Centre

The Halifax Immigrant Learning Centre offers full-time and part-time languageinstruction at two locations in Halifax.

Suite 201, Chebucto Place, 7105 Chebucto Road, Halifax
St Andrew’s Community Centre, Bayers Road, Halifax
Telephone:(902) 443-2937
Fax: (902) 423-3154